A Fun Guide to Italy’s Sparkling Wines
Champagne, Franciacorta, Spumante, Cava, Prosecco… no matter your preference, there’s never a bad time for a glass of bubbly! But have you ever wondered how those delightful bubbles get into your glass? Dive into our guide to Italy’s sparkling wines to uncover the secrets behind their creation and discover what you should be sipping.
How Is Sparkling Wine Made?
There are two main methods for making sparkling wine:
1. Classic Method: Also known as Mèthod Champenoise, Methode Traditionelle, or Metodo Classico, this method is responsible for the bubbles in Champagne, Italian Franciacorta, and Trento DOC.
2. Charmat or Martinotti Method: This Italian method is primarily used for creating the bubbles in Prosecco and Asti.
The Bubble Basics
All sparkling wines undergo two fermentations. The first produces the base wine with its alcohol content. The second fermentation is triggered with a mix called “liqueur de tirage” (sugar and yeasts). During this process, yeast converts sugar into alcohol and naturally produces carbon dioxide. When this happens in a sealed environment with no space for the CO2 to escape… voilà, bubbles!
The Sparkling Methods
Classic Method: This process typically takes place in 750 ml bottles and can last anywhere from 15 months to 10 years. The bottles are gradually turned (remouage or riddling) until the dead yeast cells (lees) fall to the neck of the bottle. The neck is then frozen, the lees are removed, another secret mix called “liqueur d’expédition” is added (depending on the producer), and then they are capped and ready to enjoy.
Charmat Method: Here, the second fermentation occurs in a large pressurized tank. The entire process is much simpler and faster.
Different methods yield different bubbles, aromas, textures, and wines. The Classic Method usually produces longer-lasting bubbles, while the Charmat Method is known for larger and more powerful bubbles. So, which do you prefer?
Italian Sparkling Wines to Try
Franciacorta D.O.C.G: Sparkling wine production in Franciacorta began in 1961 when a visionary aimed to create bubbles like the French. Located in Lombardy’s Brescia Province, Franciacorta produces excellence using the Classic Method with Chardonnay, Pinot Nero, and Pinot Bianco grapes.
Trento D.O.C: Trento D.O.C is possibly the oldest Italian sparkling wine, with production starting in 1850. It uses Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Pinot Blanc, and Meunier grapes and follows the metodo classico to create its bubbles.
Prosecco: A global favorite, Prosecco is fresh, fruity, and aromatic. Made from the Glera grape, it comes from the Veneto region. For the highest quality, opt for Prosecco from the Valdobbiadene sub-region.
Lambrusco: This sparkling red wine from Emilia-Romagna has been around since Roman times. It pairs wonderfully with mortadella, making it a must-try if you’re in the area.
Asti Spumante: Made from the Moscato grape, this Italian classic is aromatic and sweet, making it perfect for desserts.
Discover More
Learn more about Italian sparkling wine at our wine-tasting experiences in Rome and Venice. Join an expert sommelier and sample three delicious bubbly wines paired with local specialties.
Raise a glass and let the bubbles carry you to the heart of Italy!
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